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It comprises a part injection molded of plastic in a configuration that is described in detail below. The plastic used in molding the main body preferably is polycarbonate. Other parts injection molded of plastic, as described below, preferably are constructed of the same or a compatible material. The main body is pivotally connected at its upper end to the base plate by means of a pair pivot rod locking pins 21 6a,b received through a pair of flanges not shown projecting perpendicularly inwardly from the base plate and into a pivot rod on the main body The locking pins a,b are fixedly secured within the rod so as to allow pivotal motion of the main body relative to the base plate The right side cover comprises a part injection molded of plastic in a configuration that is described in detail below.
Referring briefly to FIGS. Together with the main body , the right side cover defines a path followed by coins inserted into the mechanism and supports the coin chute assembly and the coin delivery assembly The coin chute assembly comprises those portions of the mechanism that enable the mechanism to receive coins, discriminate their value, and escrow them for further processing.
The coin delivery assembly comprises those portions of the mechanism that enables the mechanism to release the door of the newspaper rack when the correct combination of coins have been inserted in the mechanism. The coin delivery assembly also comprises those portions of the mechanism that deliver escrowed coins either to a collection compartment or a coin return chute, depending on the circumstances.
The control system comprises a microprocessor-based controller and related electronic components that process signals received from the coin chute assembly and pass signals to the coin delivery assembly to release the rack door as appropriate.
The coin chute assembly , the coin delivery assembly and the control system each are described in detail below. An overview of the method of operation of the mechanism commences on the receipt of a coin through the coin chute The coin follows a defined path through the coin chute assembly , passing in front of a pair of optical sensors not shown and coming to rest within an escrow compartment not shown.
Based on signals received from the optical sensors, the microprocessor measures certain time periods, computes the velocity of the coin within the mechanism, and thereby computes the length of a chord on the coin, as described in U. By comparing the calculated chord length with a table of lengths stored within the control system , the microprocessor determines the value of the coin.
When the value of the escrowed coins meets or exceeds the price of a newspaper, the door on the newspaper rack is released, and the escrowed coins are delivered to a collection compartment not shown. If, alternatively, the coin return button is pushed, the escrowed coins are delivered to a coin return chute in FIG. In FIG. The coin chute assembly comprises a coin chute , a wake-up system , an optical detector system , and a coin escrow compartment The Coin Chute.
The coin chute comprises an arcuate shoulder and a support shoulder in the main body , a pivotal wake-up arm affixed to the main body , and an adjoining wall of the right side cover The shoulders , are machined in the main body to define therebetween a lateral recess that forms a path for coins entering the mechanism The width of the shoulders , preferably is approximately 2.
The distance between the shoulders , at the coin slot in the base plate not shown preferably is approximately 2. These dimensions permit the mechanism to accept current U. The arcuate shoulder projects linearly rearwardly, as indicated at , for approximately 5 cm. The shoulder then curves through an input arc on a radius of curvature of approximately 3.
Below the input arc , the radius of curvature of the shoulder changes to approximately 7. The shoulder ends approximately 3. The input arc and the sensor arc are important aspects of the present invention. Typical prior art coin mechanisms employ a simple incline to channel coins through particular points on the mechanism. Coins passing along the incline tend to bounce and vibrate, which renders sensitive measurements on the coins, such as optical measurements, inaccurate.
The arcuate shoulder captures the coins as they enter the coin chute and smoothly moves them along the coin path and past the optical sensors, as discussed below, with a minimum of bounce. The support shoulder projects linearly rearwardly for approximately 2. The wake-up arm comprises a member injection molded of plastic to form a body and a linear projection The body includes a counterweight recess for supporting a counterweight and a magnet recess for supporting a permanent magnet In the preferred embodiment, the counterweight weighs approximately 12 grams and the magnet weighs approximately 4 grams.
The arm is pivotally attached by means of a shaft secured to the main body and balanced by appropriate choice of the counterweight and magnet such that when no coin is in contact with the arm , the upper surface of the body is generally horizontal and generally continuous with the lower end of the support shoulder The linear projection extends linearly from the body approximately 2.
The upper surface is approximately 2 cm. The face of the right side cover adjoining the main body is generally flat with the following exceptions. First, the adjoining face includes a recess not shown that conforms to the configuration of the wake-up arm and the path defined by its pivotal motion, whereby the cover can fit parallel with and against the main body Second, the adjoining face of the cover includes a pair of grooves not shown approximately 0.
The pair of grooves, along with matching grooves not shown in the adjacent surface of the recess in the main body , prevent a coin from pulling a vacuum and locking to the main body or the right side cover within the coin chute when moisture is present.
The Wake-Up System. Referring still to FIGS. As described above, the wake-up arm includes a magnet recess for supporting a permanent magnet The reed switch may be, for example, a device no. FR available from C. Clare, or a device having similar characteristics.
The switch is positioned generally as indicated on FIGS. Motion of the wake-up arm relative to the right side cover causes the magnet on the wake-up arm to create a magnetic field surrounding the reed switch. The magnet closes the reed switch , generating a signal that is communicated to the microprocessor, which then prepares for receipt of a coin through the optical detector system The Optical Detector System. The light sources a,b, which may comprise, for example, device no.
OPD made by Optron, are mounted on a circuit board not shown on the left face of the main body so as to project light in the infrared frequency through a pair of small holes bored through the main body at the points indicated for sources a,b. The optical detectors, which may be, for example, device no. OPA made by Optron, are mounted on a printed circuit board not shown on the right face of the right side cover in alignment with small holes bored through the right side cover at the points indicated in FIG.
The two pairs of small holes in the main body and the right side cover are aligned with one another whereby infrared light projected from the sources a,b passes through the main body holes, across the coin path in the coin chute , and through the side cover holes to the detectors a,b. When an object passes the light beam projected from a source a,b, the corresponding detector a,b transmits a signal to the microprocessor within the control system not shown at the leading and trailing edges of the object.
Thus, the microprocessor can measure the time required for a coin to pass across a single detector a,b and the time required for a coin to pass between the two detectors a,b. Based on this information, the microprocessor can calculate the velocity of the coin and thereby can calculate a chord length for the coin. Coin Escrow Compartment. The escrow compartment comprises a guide plate , an enclosure plate , and a compartment door The guide plate comprises a sheet metal plate having a perpendicularly extending flange that is fixedly secured to the right face of the main body , whereby the guide plate extends perpendicularly from the right face of the main body As indicated in FIG.
The guide plate supports on the forwardly facing surface thereof interior of the compartment a plate formed of plastic that forms a stop for the spring biased door , as described below. The enclosure plate comprises a generally L-shaped sheet metal plate that forms the right face and the front face of the compartment The enclosure plate is fixedly secured to the main body at the front face thereof.
The compartment door comprises a plate formed of plastic pivotally secured at the upper end thereof along a pin between the enclosure plate and the main body The door includes along the left edge thereof a downwardly extending flange that is engaged by a member extending from the newspaper rack door, whereby the rack door, when closed, holds the compartment door in the closed position, maintaining escrowed coins within the compartment The load of a single dime bearing against the upper surface of the door is sufficient to overcome the bias of the spring , but the spring bias is sufficient to maintain the door in the closed position, with a small clearance between the door and the door tongue, as described below, when the compartment is empty.
Thus, closure of the rack door with excessive force, which occurs with some frequency, does not cause undue wear and premature failure of the compartment door Operation of the Coin Chute Assembly. The wake-up arm rotates in a clockwise direction around the shaft as it is contacted by an incoming coin. The counterweight and permanent magnet on the wake-up arm positioned forwardly of the shaft resists this clockwise movement.
As is evident from FIGS. A dime, for example, having the smallest diameter and the least weight contacts the wake-up arm upper surface farthest from the shaft Thus, the coin with the least amount of mass must overcome the least amount of counterweight force in order to rotate the wake-up arm Also, the coin with the least amount of mass requires the least amount of velocity reduction and de-bouncing. As the dime moves downward in the coin chute , the wake-up arm rotates about 75 degrees before its contact with the edge of the dime ends.
After passing the wake-up arm , the dime continues through the coin chute along the sensor arc as it passed the optical sensors The configuration of the sensor arc minimizes coin bounce and greatly improves on the consistency and accuracy of coin chord measurements.
Larger coins such as nickels and quarters are heavier and require a greater opposing force to dampen their velocity and to reduce coin bouncing. As coin diameter increases, the distance between the coin's point of contact with wake-up arm upper surface and the shaft decreases. This results in increasingly greater dampening force from the counterweight, thereby providing a greater dampening force on larger coins than on smaller coins.
Thus, the input arc and the sensor arc , in conjunction with wake-up arm , provide a dampening and de-bouncing action that varies for each coin in direct proportion to the size and mass of the coin. This results in more consistent and accurate coin diameter measurements than is available in prior art apparatus.
The wake-up arm is an important aspect of the present invention. It guides coins to and holds them against the arcuate shoulder It provides a dampening action that varies directly with the mass of the coin. Thus, because larger coins contact the wake-up arm closer to its fulcrum, they are subject to a greater resistive force from the counterweight on the arm Similarly, larger coins maintain contact longer with the arm as they pass along the arcuate shoulder This helps to minimize bounce and contributes significantly to more accurate optical measurements on coins.
As previously noted, the coin delivery assembly includes those portions of the mechanism that enable the mechanism to release the door of the newspaper rack when the correct coin combination has been inserted in the mechanism.
The coin delivery assembly also comprises those portions of the mechanism that deliver escrowed coins either to a collection compartment or to a coin return chute, depending on the circumstances. The Door Latch Assembly. It comprises a solenoid , a door latch , a door latch restraint , a reset arm , and a door tongue stop mechanism The solenoid may be a device no. HAT available from Hesco Corporation, operating on mA of current at 6 volts in the active state. Referring to FIGS.
The door latch restraint is an arm, injection molded of a plastic material, pivotally affixed to the main body at a rearward end 41 6 of the restraint and spring biased toward the main body The restraint includes at its forward end a head for engaging the contact on the solenoid and the door latch As may be noted by reference particularly to FIG. Referring briefly to FIG. Referring still to FIG.
As may be seen in FIG. When the solenoid is active, the magnetic field extending through the solenoid overpowers the spring bias on the contact and draws the contact against the solenoid , above the upper surface of the restraint head With the contact 41 4 drawn against the solenoid , the spring on the rearward end of the restraint biases the restraint against the main body The door latch comprises a generally flat plate injection molded of a plastic material in the configuration depicted in FIGS.
It is slidably affixed against the left side of the main body by means of a shaft extending from the main body through a bore in the latch to a plastic latch support bracket not shown , which extends around the latch on three sides and engages the left end of the shaft The latch is normally biased, very lightly, in the downward position by a spring not shown and includes at its lower end a forward camming surface and a rearward camming surface The latch , the shaft , and the bore are sized and positioned such that at the lowest point of travel of the latch , the restraint head on the door latch restraint is biased over the top of the latch and into contact with the main body , as depicted in FIG.
The same members are also sized and positioned such that at the highest point of travel of the latch , the tongue on the door of the newspaper rack engages the tongue stop mechanism, as described in detail below.
The reset arm is a generally flat plate injection molded of a plastic material in the configuration depicted in FIG. It includes a chamfered edge having an upper portion and a lower portion for engaging the inside chamfer on the head of the door latch restraint and camming the restraint away from the main body FIG. The reset arm also includes a downward extension for engagement with a portion of the door of the newspaper rack, also as described below. The reset arm is rotatably attached on a shaft to a tongue stop bracket , which forms a part of existing prior art newspaper racks of which the mechanism will form a part.
The bracket includes a hook that projects perpendicularly from the plane of the upper body of the bracket When installed in the rack, the upper body is received through a slot FIG. In addition, the front face of the bracket is fixedly attached by means such as a screw to the back of the front face of the housing FIG. As the chamfered edge rotates counter-clockwise in response to the spring load, the downward extension on the reset arm rotates forwardly. The door tongue stop mechanism is a downward and slightly inward, tooth-like extension on the underside of the upper body of the tongue stop bracket For demonstrative purposes only, the door tongue stop mechanism 12 is modeled in FIGS.
The door includes a handle , a tongue , and a tongue housing The tongue pivotally attaches to a tongue support bracket , which is fixedly mounted by means such as welding to the interior of the housing When the door is closed, the housing protects the tongue from vandalism or other tampering.
The forward end of the tongue is normally biased by means of a spring against the upper surface of the bracket , whereby the tongue is maintained in a generally horizontal plane. The tongue includes at its rearward end, along the right side of the tongue , an upward extension forming a forward camming surface and a rearward camming surface When the door is in the closed position, the forward camming surface on the tongue engages the downwardly extending flange on the escrow compartment door , as shown in FIGS.
The tongue also includes at its rearward end a tongue lock bar extending perpendicularly from the tongue away from the mechanism Operation of the Door Latch Assembly. The door latch assembly assumed the depicted configuration when the door was opened or when the coin return assembly was actuated, as described below, whichever event last occurred. The door latch restraint is positioned away from the main body , held in place there against the load of a spring by engagement of the contact on the solenoid with the downwardly offset surface on the upper surface of the door latch restraint head If one attempts to open the door , the door tongue begins to move forwardly, with the forward camming surface on the tongue engaging the rearward camming surface on the door latch The door latch , in response to the engagement of its rearward camming surface , slides upward adjacent to the main body , as shown in FIGS.
Because the spring load on the door tongue is greater than the spring load on the door latch , the door tongue is not cammed downward. Because the door tongue is not cammed downward as it moves forward, the tongue lock bar engages the door tongue stop mechanism 41 2, as shown in FIGS. Total forward travel of the door tongue does not exceed approximately 8 min. The magnetic field generated by the solenoid for that brief period pulls the solenoid contact upward against the solenoid With the contact unseated from the surface on the restraint head , the door latch restraint moves under the contact against the main body in response to the load of the spring not shown on the restraint When the solenoid subsequently releases the contact , the restraint is positioned against the main body
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